General
Gynecomastia simply refers to an increased amount of breast tissue in a male
Uncommon condition.
A minority of cases are associated with BRCA2 mutation.
Clinical picture
1. Young boy with enlarged breasts (can be unilateral).
May be idiopathic & resolve spontaneously. Some require surgery
2. Old man with enlarged breasts
Due to high estrogen levels:
Cirrhosis (decreased hepatic clearance of estrogen)
Some drugs
Klinefelter syndrome (XXY)
Leydig cell tumor of testis
3. Other
Can be seen in hyperthyroidism, prolactinomas, or AIDS patients on HAART therapy
Histology
Abundant collagenous dense stroma with only small ductular tissue with loss of lobular units
End ducts without lobules
Can have well or poorly defined borders
Can see ductal epithelial hyperplasia or prominent periductular edema
looks similar to desmoplastic stromal reaction or pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia
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Breast, [Right/Left], mammoplasty:
- Benign breast tissue, (weight) g.